茶

发展一种独特和透明的价格发现模式是去年的主要创新活动之一。IDH和乐施会与埃森哲发展伙伴合作，开发了这个模式。其目的是帮助马拉维的茶业向最低生活工资迈进。这个模型使买主和生产者对马拉维生活工资的影响可见。已经有一些茶叶采购公司，包括联合利华、塔塔全球饮料和哈罗盖特的泰勒，正在测试这种模式，将生活工资作为采购团队讨论的核心。IDH于2018年开始谈判，以使该模式在买家和生产商的采购实践中得到全面实施，从而帮助马拉维茶叶行业向谋生工资迈进。目前的生活工资差距为43%(由马拉维茶叶2020工资委员会计算;Richard & Martha Anker)，去年也是如此。尽管通货膨胀居高不下，茶园的宏观环境也很困难，但生活工资差距并没有进一步恶化。另一个里程碑是印度国内可持续发展倡议托管的成功，已达到关键质量，已验证41%的印度茶叶生产被托管，占国内市场的50%以上被塔塔全球饮料、印度斯坦联合利华和Wagh Bakri收购。 IDH also brought about change in Tanzania, where a quality bonus payment system is implemented by Unilever, which has enabled farmers to improve their tea quality and reach a 30% income increase compared to previous years. We now focus our attention on what else we can do to lift farmers out of poverty. In Rwanda, we are seeing improved productivity at both farm and factory level due to improved agricultural (through FFS) and business practices, and the factories are now more professionally run businesses. In Vietnam, together with the government (MARD) and the Vietnam Tea Association and its key members, we supported an innovative approach for management of agrochemicals in tea production. Farmers are now supported in sustainable use of agrochemicals, and the spraying responsibility is institutionalized at the tea processing level.

2017年，国际茶业协会召开了肯尼亚茶业性别赋权平台会议，与80%的肯尼亚茶叶生产商和民间社会合作伙伴就敏感的性别问题展开合作。我们已经开始对话，在肯尼亚茶业的性别和性别暴力问题上取得进展。随后，我们启动了两个茶园实地项目，以预防和应对基于性别的暴力，并提高妇女的领导力和财务知识。另外两个项目正在开发中。性别赋权平台在2017年TEAM UP上启动，这是首次在非洲(肯尼亚)举行。来自茶叶生产商、包装商和发展组织的100名代表出席了这次由IDH和ETP组织的年度可持续茶叶活动。在马拉维，我们与所有利益攸关方讨论了缩小最低生活工资差距的进展以及价格发现模型的影响。在我们的支持下，马拉维茶叶协会(TAML)为马拉维的茶叶行业启动了一项全行业的性别政策。在越南，IDH专注于发起关于可持续性问题和农用化学品使用的讨论。为此，我们召集了一个由茶行业的公共和私人参与者组成的茶讨论小组。 We also worked closely with the Vietnamese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development to develop the National Sustainability Curriculum (NSC), to give guidance on the responsible, effective and legal use of agrochemicals. The NSC is being adopted by government extensionworkers in their training approach. Together with the Plant Protection Department, we also developed a mobile application to guide farmers on the legal and proper use of registered agrochemicals in Vietnam. This app will be piloted in 2018. During the reporting year, we also conducted a broader study in Tanzania to determine challenges and opportunities for tea smallholders; in India, the next version (9.0) of the Plant & Protection Code (PPC) was made available by the Indian Tea Board.

272 900人(生产者、工人、社区成员)接受了关于可持续生产、环境和社会可持续性问题的关键主题的培训。其中大部分是女性(140919人)，而男性有93880人。为农民提供了关于小规模暴力和人权意识以及植树和林地规划的培训。在印度阿萨姆邦，我们与联合国儿童基金会和道德茶叶伙伴关系合作，通过确保少女拥有保护自己的知识、技能和信心，增加她们的选择，并使她们能够对自己的未来做出知情决定，支持104个茶园的积极发展。通过儿童保护委员会形成一个基于社区的保护性安全网，社区成员具备了保护儿童免受暴力、剥削和虐待的技能。到目前为止，我们通过少女团体接触到了33167名少女。他们参加每周的会议、讲习班和接触访问，以帮助他们发挥潜力并在未来更好地保护自己。大约有3万名社区成员有能力通过会议和提高社区认识来保护儿童免受暴力、虐待和剥削。我们正在接近可持续发展倡议托管的目标，今后的重点将是确保托管适合未来。我们正在取得进展:自托管开始以来，我们已经接触到了50万名工人和3.6万名小茶农，以培育一种可持续的茶文化。 In Malawi, the estate sector invested millions in replanting, factory refurbishment etc… 50 farmer field schools are now up and running, and 1,500 farmer groups and 173 village savings and loans groups were established. Collectively, these activities led to increased yields and improved quality, greater resilience overall, and the ability to invest in the future, with 73% of the farmers creating new sources of income.